Models of Vertical Movements of the Earth Crust Surface in the Area of Poland Derived from Leveling and Gnss Data

The known models of recent vertical movements of the Earth crust surface in the area of Poland were processed in the form of contour line map on the basis of the data of the first and second class geometric state levelling network. Second map done by Wyrzykowski (1985) was based on the results of measurements made in 1871-1882, 1926-1937, 1952-1956 and 1975-1977. The newest results of assignment of recent vertical movements of the Earth surface in the territory of Poland were published by Kowalczyk in 2006. The map of the contemporary vertical movements velocities has been processed using the least squares collocation method on the basis of repeated measurements of state precise levelling, executed mainly in 1974-1982 and 1997-2003. Presently, after about 3 years of satellite observations at about one hundred of permanent GPS stations of the ASG-EUPOS network, a verification of the mentioned models is possible on the basis of independent (satellite) measurements. As the resolution of the stations in Poland is sufficient, the model processed using satellite data was determined for the whole area of Poland and it was confronted with earlier (levelling) models. There are some differences in the analyzed models. A comparison of levelling and satellite models indicates defect of reference distinctly resulting from sea level variability.